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May 1988

Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S1-S122

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back to top Session M. Noise III: Airport Noise Compatibility Planning
Invited Papers
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Airport noise compatibility planning perspectives (A)

Steven Starley

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S31-S31 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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Air transportation is mass transportation and its continuing growth has spawned a complex set of interrelated noise and capacity problems. Airport proprietors, who are responsible for noise damages, are turning to the use of restrictions to limit noise in adjacent communities. Use restrictions at one airport affect system capacity and operations at other airports. When capacity limitations affect interstate commerce, airports are caught between their adjacent communities and the Federal government that cannot allow an undue burden on interstate commerce. Airport noise abatement planning, which is effective for airport specific problems, may be a factor in the growth of national problems. Thus a national perspective must be applied to the solution of local problems. This paper traces the development of airport noise abatement planning, discusses some newly emerging areas of interest at both the local and national level, and presents a glimpse of some alternative futures.
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Attenuating jet aircraft noise in single‐family residences near major U.S. airports (A)

Barney Myer

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S32-S32 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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Most noise attenuation of single‐family residences near major U.S. airports has been achieved by acquisition and removal of homes. This noise remedy is not only extremely costly but it also disrupts social networks, undermines education and social institutions, lowers tax bases, and can generate subsequent land use problems. Acquisition as a noise remedy is limited to those areas where jet noise is the worst. The thousands of homes that cannot be purchased but endure noise peaks of near 100 dB must be addressed by other remedies. SeaTac International Airport and other airports are initiating acoustical insulation programs to lower interior noise levels to acceptable levels. An issue involved in these developing noise mitigation programs is how to set and achieve noise level goals that realistically make interior noise levels livable and are acceptable to the Federal Aviation Administration that funds up to 80% of program costs. The issue involves answering questions such as: Are interior peak noise levels (SEL) to be reduced low enough to allow uninterrupted communication (i.e., TV, telephone, conversation)? Is an average noise criterion (Ldn) sufficient? Is it possible to standardize interior noise goals when airports have widely divergent levels of activity? Noise remedy programs at SeaTac and other airports must address this basic issue to assure continued funding of their multimillion dollar efforts.
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The cooperative approach to noise compatibility planning at Portland International Airport (A)

John P. Newell

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S32-S32 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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The Port of Portland's cooperative approach to airport noise compatibility planning has produced a plan that seeks to balance the concerns of the community with the needs of the airport and its users. This plan has reduced the number of residents within the Ldn 55 contour by 85%, without employing costly operating restrictions. The success achieved is directly attributable to the cooperative process that involves the utilization of an advisory committee to help identify and resolve airport noise issues. This committee, consisting of all parties having an interest in the airport noise issue, has worked together since 1982 in structuring and implementing the noise abatement plan. This plan is made up of three interrelated programs: an operational program, a land use program, and a review and monitoring program. The operational program includes specific flight track assignments, while the land use program requires sound insulation of some residential dwellings, and adoption of city and county noise overlay zones. The review and monitoring program is the part of the plan that insures the ongoing cooperative process, and maintains compatibility with the community.
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The use of local opportunities in aircraft noise abatement planning (A)

Jon M. Woodward

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S32-S32 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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Aircraft noise abatement planning often overlooks low‐cost, easy to implement solutions that take advantage of unique local conditions. The focus is too often on generic “cookbook” solutions that are applied to every airport in the same way, e.g., curfews, aircraft type restrictions, or noise budgets. For every airport, careful analysis will reveal unique conditions that provide opportunities to abate noise. These include airport operating schemes such as preferential runway use programs, rerouting of traffic along corridors of compatible land uses, and the use of comparative aircraft versus background noise levels to direct traffic flows. Preferred aircraft operating procedures are selected based upon local underlying surface conditions of land use or terrain. Limitations on aircraft operation through imposition of local legislation can result in noise reduction in specialized cases. Construction of new facilities most often is driven by capacity needs as well as noise abatement. Examples of the effects of using local opportunities for noise abatement are presented for each type of measure from airport noise compatibility planning projects at Portland, Seattle, Phoenix, Anchorage, Indianapolis, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Chicago, Omaha, Little Rock, and Reno.
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Use of seasonal Ldn for airport noise compatibility planning (A)

Andrew S. Harris

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S33-S33 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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The differences between Ldn from yearly average operations and Ldn from busy day or seasonal operations are examined. Civil and military airports are considered. For civil airports, the issue of seasonality is addressed as it relates to the Federal Aviation Administration's requirements under FAR Part 150. For both civil and military airports, current examples are discussed. The environments of civil and military airports are also examined in the context of EPA Task Group 3's recommendations about seasonality [“Impact Characterization of Noise Including Implications of Identifying and Achieving Levels of Cumulative Noise Exposure,” for Environmental Protection Agency Aircraft/Airport Noise Report Study, Task Group 3, Henning von Gierke, Chairman, Washington, 1 June 1973.] Methods for developing seasonal noise exposure are examined.
Contributed Papers
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Measurement and analysis techniques for determining acoustical impacts from enroute aircraft in very quiet settings (A)

Robin T. Harrison and Paul H. Dunholter

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 83, Issue S1, pp. S33-S33 (1988); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 13 Aug 2005

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The National Parks of the United States have been set aside for the public enjoyment of pristine settings with minimal impacts from common urban disturbances. Ambient sound levels in these settings are generally very low, and have been measured below 20 dBA. Aircraft noise from enroute high altitude aircraft and sight‐seeing aircraft have become a source of disturbance to park visitors. Under such quiet background conditions, enroute aircraft are often audible for extended durations. In the National Park setting, it has been found that even the detection of intrusive sound can result in annoyance. Numerous and continuing complaints have been generated by overflights that would not be expected to have a significant impact based upon traditional aircraft noise assessment criteria alone. This paper summarizes a National Park Service funded study that addresses various techniques for the measurement of enroute aircraft noise in these quiet settings. These techniques include A‐weighted and detectability metrics for both the ambient and aircraft noise. Methods including the effects of the duration of the overflight and the number of events are also reviewed.
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