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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Jan 1937

Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 155-210

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Combination Horn and Direct Radiator Loudspeaker (A)

H. F. Olson and R. A. Hackley

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 210-210 (1937); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 15 Jun 2005

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A loudspeaker is described consisting of a long horn coupled to one side of a small dynamically driven cone for the reproduction of low frequencies and an acoustic filter for changing the output from the horn to the open side of the cone for the reproduction of the mid and high frequency range. A theoretical analysis shows the action of the system. Experimental data substantiates the theory.
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The Effect of High Intensity Sound on Smokes and Other Aerosols (A)

G. R. Tatum

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 210-210 (1937); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 15 Jun 2005

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When smoke or other aerosols are placed in a resonance tube driven by a strongly vibrating source the particles are aggregated rapidly. In the investigation reported at this time magnetostrictive sources of frequencies 11.3 to 22 kilocycles per second were placed at the lower end of a vertical resonance tube into which either water vapor, cigarette smoke, or titanium tetrachloride smoke was introduced. The aggregated particles which are suspended at certain stationary positions in the tube, form large “disks” and “thimbles.” Some of the “disks” are oriented horizontally, while others have vertical orientation. The vertical “disks” are formed in sets of three equally spaced about the axis of the resonance tube. The process of aggregation is illustrated by means of motion pictures.
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Spherical Torsion Pendulum as Supersonic Radiation Pressure Meter in Liquids (A)

Elias Klein

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 8, Issue 3, pp. 210-210 (1937); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 15 Jun 2005

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Following King's theoretical work, a series of measurements has been carried out with bronze spheres varying in diameter from ¼ to 1½ inches. In plane stationary waves in water at frequencies between 100 and 200 kc. King′s predicted dependence of radiation pressure on the location of the spheres relative to the position of nodes and loops is verified. Neglecting the viscosity of the medium and the compressibility of the spheres, it was found that the radiation pressure approximates inverse variation with the radius a of the sphere when the latter′s size is such as to make 2πa/λ greater than unity and less than four.
Considering the spherical torsion balance a likely laboratory acoustic standard in liquids, it is possible to calibrate as secondary standards any pressure microphone for subaqueous use in the supersonic range. Such calibration was effected upon tourmaline crystal microphones by the usual resonance tube method. The piston source was telescopically fitted into the end of a horizontal rigid cylinder about 6 in. in diameter and 15 in. long. The other end was machined and covered either by a blank quarter wave plate which acted as a perfect reflector or a quarter wave plate in the reflecting face of which the tourmaline crystal was inserted. The spherical torsion balance was suspended over the center of the cylinder so as always to maintain the sphere on the axis of the cylinder. The whole suspended system was provided with horizontal motion by means of a micrometer screw of 4 in. travel.
The results obtained by this calibration compare favorably with other methods and check roughly with the pressures calculated from the static piezoelectric constant of the tourmaline crystals.
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