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Apr 1985

Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S1-S108

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back to top Session P. Physical Acoustics III: Chaos and Cavitation
Invited Papers
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Acoustic chaos (A)

Werner Lauterborn

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S34-S34 (1985); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 12 Aug 2005

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Acoustic cavitation has been found to belong to the class of deterministically chaotic systems [W. Lauterborn and E. Cramer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 1445 (1981); W. Lauterborn and E. Suchla, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 2304 (1984)]. Experiments are described in further support of this view by constructing phase spaces from measured data and by determining the fractal dimension of the strange attractors found. As a model of acoustic chaos, a driven spherical cavitation bubble is suggested. This model has been investigated earlier in a simple version [W. Lauterborn, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 283–293 (1976)]. New results will be given on period‐doubling cascades to chaos and on the bifurcation superstructure resulting from the nonlinear resonances.
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Diffraction optic and x‐ray techniques of cavitation research (A)

A. S. Besov, A. R. Berngardt, V. K. Kedrinskii, and E. I. Pal'chikov

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S34-S34 (1985); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 12 Aug 2005

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This experimental investigation is devoted to bubble cavitation development in the samples of distilled water under the action of intense rarefaction waves. In the experiments two types of shock tubes were used, with the shock waves generated in liquid by (i) the impact of a piston onto an unmovable liquid, or (ii) moving a conductive disk accelerated by a pulsed magnetic field. An initial dynamics and parameters of microinhomogeneities were determined from the measured scattered radiation intensity (λ = 0.63 mcm) of a He‐Ne laser. It has been found that the centers of ∼1.5 mcm size give an essential contribution into scattering. A total number of inhomogeneities is about 105 cm−3. An experimental analysis shows that at least a portion of microinhomogeneities represents microbubbles of free gas. The x‐ray method allows us to determine an initial moment of liquid fracture and dynamics of its structure for a volumetric concentration of gas phase of 2%–4% and higher. The computer proceeding of the roentgenograms is presented.
Contributed Papers
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Nonlinear pulsations of vaporous cavitation bubbles (A)

R. E. Nicholas and R. D. Finch

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S34-S35 (1985); (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 12 Aug 2005

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The equations governing the motion of vapor bubbles in a sound field were formulated earlier [R. D. Finch and E. A. Neppiras, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 53, 1402–1410 (1973)], and linear oscillatory solutions of the equations were obtained. Nonlinear solutions have now been obtained, using a numerical method, and some typical results will be presented. Some of these results are in accordance with the linear oscillatory solutions but some are not. These nonoscillatory solutions can be associated with an exponential type of linear solution. Both collapse and growth of an exponential nature are predicted.
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Cavitation from short acoustic pulses (A)

S. B. Fowlkes and Lawrence A. Crum

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S35-S35 (1985); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 12 Aug 2005

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It has recently been predicted [H. G. Flynn, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 72, 1926–1932 (1982)] that short, microsecond bursts of ultrasound could produce transient cavitation. We wish to report an experimental verification of this prediction. Using chemiluminescence as a cavitation indicator, we have observed light emissions indicating cavitation at a threshold of approximately 2.0 MPa for a pulse width of 1.0 μs at a frequency of 1.0 MHz and a duty cycle of 1:10. A description of the apparatus and a report on our latest results will be given. [Supported in part by the NSF and the FDA.]
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Demonstrations of nonlinear oscillators and solitons (A)

Robert Keolian, Junru Wu, and Isadore Rudnick

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 77, Issue S1, pp. S35-S35 (1985); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 12 Aug 2005

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We will demonstrate the peculiar behavior of nonlinear oscillations with a collection of experiments: (1) A stretched rubber band, driven by a loudspeaker, exhibits hysteresis due to its bent resonance curve. (2) A doubly bent resonance curve and hysteresis are exhibited by a parametrically driven pendulum bouncing against stops. (3) Subharmonics can be heard when a loudspeaker, laid on its back, causes a pencil to bounce. (4) A hanging chain undergoes quasiperiodically modulated vibrations, where the modulations have a frequency independent of that of the drive. (5) A pendulum, free to rotate 360°, crosses the transition to deterministic chaos when driven with the proper oscillating torque. (6) Two metronomes on the same platform, initially ticking independently, pull each other into synchronism and phase lock, as seen by Christian Huygens in 1665. (7) A parametrically driven rigid pendulum will defy gravity by standing on end and oscillating upside down. (8) We will show the nonpropagating soliton, seen by the authors in a trough of water [Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 1421 (1984)], and two of these solitons oscillating about each other. [Work supported by ONR.]
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