• Volume/Page
  • Keyword
  • DOI
  • Citation
  • Advanced
   
 
 
 

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

BROWSE VOLUMES

Year Range: 
Search Issue | RSS Feeds RSS
Previous Issue Next Issue

Feb 1977

Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 249-613

Page 1 of 3 Pages Next Page | Jump to Page

The history of American acoustics: Introductory comments

Richard K. Cook

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 249-249 (1977); (1 page)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Abstract Unavailable
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
01.65.+g History of science

Architectural acoustics in America to 1930

Robert S. Shankland

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 250-254 (1977); (5 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The beginning of architectural acoustics as an engineering science began with Joseph Henry, when he was requested by Congress to design a new lecture hall for the Smithsonian Institution in Washington. Henry’s preliminary investigations led him to the discovery of what is now known as the ’’precedence effect,’’ setting limits on the permissible time lags in successive acoustic signals before echoing is evident. Henry’s design of the lecture hall made skillful use of his discovery for the location and shape of wall and ceiling surfaces to produce much ’’early reflected sound’’ to enhance the direct impulses. The next great advance in architectural acoustics was made by Professor Wallace C. Sabine of Harvard in his quantitative studies of reverberation, and in his masterful use of these discoveries in the acoustical designs for many notable buildings especially Boston Symphony Hall—still considered one of the world’s finest. After Sabine’s untimely death in 1919 his work was extended and applied by many others in the next decade, notable, Dayton C. Miller, F. R. Watson, Paul E. Sabine, Carl Eyring, R. F. Norris, and Vern O. Knudsen. The early development and application of architectural acoustics as an exact science was primarily an achievement of the New World, and one of which we can be justly proud in the bicentennial year.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.55.-n Architectural acoustics
01.65.+g History of science

Building acoustics in America, 1920–1940

Hale J. Sabine

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 255-263 (1977); (9 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
This paper reviews the progress in building acoustics in America between the two World Wars. Special emphasis is laid on the development of improved methods of measuring reverberation times, and the development of acoustical materials and methods of measuring their absorption coefficients. Reference is also made to normal‐mode calculations, noise quieting applications, and transmission through walls.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.55.-n Architectural acoustics
01.65.+g History of science

Psychological and physiological acoustics: 1920–1942

Hallowell Davis

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 264-266 (1977); (3 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
This article is a review of important developments in psychological and physiological acoustics, primarily in the United States in the period 1920–1942. It includes a reference to the early work of Harvey Fletcher and his co‐workers at the Bell Telephone Laboratories on the psychoacoustics of speech and hearing, leading to the definitive exploration of the ’’auditory area’’ and the development of the audiometer. The replacement of the Weber–Fechner psychophysical law by the Stevens power law is mentioned. In the domain of physiological acoustics the importance of the investigations of Békésy, Wever and Bray, and Galambos on acoustical nerve transmission is emphasized.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.64.-q Physiological acoustics
43.66.-x Psychological acoustics
01.65.+g History of science

Electroacoustics to 1940

John K. Hilliard

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 267-273 (1977); (7 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The historical context of acoustical and motional impedance was conceived and applied on a large scale before the Acoustical Society was founded in 1929. It seems appropriate at this time to review for the Society some of the people and their devleopments which contributed to the advancement of transducers by application of the impedance concept.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.38.+n Transduction; acoustical devices for the generation and reproduction of sound
01.65.+g History of science

Acoustical measurements and instrumentation

Harry B. Miller

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 274-282 (1977); (9 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A few selected topics will be discussed. Each had a major influence in setting a new trend. The discussion will include the significance of Wente’s condenser microphone in freeing acoustic measurements from the constraints of contemporary microphones; the effect of Maxfield and Harrison’s paper on the analysis and synthesis of acoustic devices; and the evolution of the reciprocity principle into a measurement tool.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.58.+z Acoustical measurements and instrumentation
99.10.Cd Errata

Review of undersea acoustics to 1950

Marvin Lasky

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 283-297 (1977); (15 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
For much of the first four decades of the twentieth century (with the exception of an impulse effort during World War I), undersea acoustics had limited financial support and a small number of practitioners. During 1940–1950 this situation changed. A massive effort funded by the U. S. Navy enabled a large multidisciplined group of civilian scientists to transform a previously relatively simple pragmatic ’’art’’ into an increasingly complex emerging science.
Show PACS
43.10.Ln Surveys and tutorial papers relating to acoustics research; tutorial papers on applied acoustics
43.30.-k Underwater sound
01.65.+g History of science

Amplitude and phase variation of a narrow inhomogeneous sound bundle reflected by the irregular sea surface

B. de Jong

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 298-306 (1977); (9 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A narrow bundle of monochromatic acoustic waves is reflected from an irregular sea surface. The elevations of the surface are normally distributed with a relatively narrow power spectrum. The characteristic width of the active scattering area is small as compared to the correlation distance of the irregular waves. A stochastic model is devised for the surface waves in which the amplitude and frequency of these waves vary linearly over the active scattering area. Starting from the Helmholtz equation and using the Kirchhoff approximation, first‐order expressions are derived for the average amplitude and phase variation of the reflected waves. The expression for the average amplitude of the reflected waves depends on the width of the incoming sound bundle. However, for short waves this expression becomes independent of the width and reduces to the familiar result of Eckart when the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of observation. The phase variation is independent of the width of the scattering area and has its largest values when the inverse acoustic wave number has the same order of magnitude as the root‐mean‐square value of the surface‐wave height.
Show PACS
43.20.Fn Scattering of acoustic waves
43.60.Cg Statistical properties of signals and noise

Acoustic reflection from layered elastic absorptive cylinders

Lawrence Flax and Werner G. Neubauer

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 307-312 (1977); (6 pages) | Cited 7 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The reflection of plane waves by a layered cylindrical shell in water is investigated theoretically. Either or both of the two layers of elastic material may be absorptive. The solution as a function of frequency is examined for several combinations of inner and outer layers.
Show PACS
43.20.Fn Scattering of acoustic waves

Axisymmetric spherical radiator with mixed boundary conditions

Christopher C. Gerding and William Thompson, Jr.

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 313-317 (1977); (5 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The acoustic radiation field of an axisymmetric spherical radiator with mixed surface boundary conditions is determined numerically. The general problem consists of a sphere comprised of a radially vibrating polar cap and a contiguous pressure release belt mounted on a rigid baffle (the remainder of the sphere). Two limiting cases, a vanishing belt or a vanishing baffle, are also considered. The radiation field is developed using both a least‐mean‐square‐error method of analysis and a point matching or boundary collocation analysis. The radiation characteristics of the general problem are found to be intermediate between those of the two limiting cases.
Show PACS
43.20.Rz Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation patterns, boundary element methods
43.40.Ey Vibrations of shells

Radiation coupling of a disk to a plane and back or a disk to a disk: An exact solution

Theodore L. Rhyne

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 318-324 (1977); (7 pages) | Cited 7 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The radiation coupling or coupling by propagating waves is solved for a disk in an infinite baffle to a plane and back or equivalently a disk to a disk both in infinite baffles. The radiation coupling is defined as a linear filter operating between lumped mechanical components which may be incorporated into transducer models. The impulse response of the radiation‐coupling filter and the Fourier transfer function for the radiation‐coupling filter are solved in closed form. The radiation‐coupling gain (loss) is applicable to the correction of experimental data and to the absolute calibration of circular transducers by self‐reciprocity measurements.
Show PACS
43.20.Rz Steady-state radiation from sources, impedance, radiation patterns, boundary element methods
43.20.Px Transient radiation and scattering
43.20.Tb Interaction of vibrating structures with surrounding medium

Model for parametric acoustic sources

Mark B. Moffett and Robert H. Mellen

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 325-337 (1977); (13 pages) | Cited 10 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A theoretical model for the difference‐frequency radiation from a parametric acoustic array is developed. The (two‐frequency) primary wave is assumed to be radiated by a piston source and may be effectively limited in either the nearfield or the farfield of the piston. Either small‐signal absorption or saturation of the primary beam may serve as the limiting mechanism. The parametric gain is defined as a complex number whose (i) magnitude is the ratio of secondary and primary source pressures and (ii) phase is an indication of how much generation occurs within the nearfield and how much within the farfield of the primary beam. The parametric gain is evaluated as a function of the primary‐to‐secondary frequency (downshift) ratio, the amount of small‐signal primary absorption within the nearfield, and a ’’scaled’’ primary source level. Then, the parametric gain may be used to determine the beam pattern characteristics via a simple closed‐form expression. The theoretical results are found to be in good agreement with other theoretical treatments (within their realms of applicability) and in fair agreement with experimental results from various types of parametric sources. The discrepancies that do exist appear to stem from the approximation that the primary nearfield can be treated as a plane wave.
Show PACS
43.25.Lj Parametric arrays, interaction of sound with sound, virtual sources
43.30.Qd Global scale acoustics; ocean basin thermometry, transbasin acoustics

Theory of the spherical, compliant‐tube Luneburg lens

C. A. Boyles

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 338-352 (1977); (15 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
This paper presents the theory of the spherical, compliant‐tube Luneburg lens. Since a mixture of compliant tubes and water is dispersive, the compliant‐tube lens is a Luneburg lens only at a single frequency. The wave equation for the pressure field is solved for plane wave incidence. This solution corresponds to measurements made with an omnidirectional hydrophone on the lens. The wave theory is further developed to include solutions corresponding to measurements made by a dipole and cardioid hydrophone. The intensity, which is not proportional to the pressure squared, is also calculated. Numerical evaluation of these solutions is performed for a 10‐ft‐diam lens over the frequency range 500–5000 Hz (D/λ=1 to D/λ=10). This particular lens was chosen for study since it corresponds to a lens built by the Autonetics Division of Rockwell International. This lens is a Luneburg lens at 5000 Hz and is not perfect focusing for frequencies below 5000 Hz. The on‐axis gain, beam patterns, and directivity indices are calculated for the three sensors. In general, the on‐axis gain and directivity index are different. A comparison is made between measured results and theoretical results. Finally, the compliant‐tube lens is compared with a Luneburg lens (at all frequencies) and a liquid lens.
Show PACS
43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration
43.30.Sf Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active
43.20.Bi Mathematical theory of wave propagation
43.20.Fn Scattering of acoustic waves

Approximate ray angle diagram

Henry Cox

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 353-359 (1977); (7 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The ray angle diagram presents loci as a function of depth of the angles which selected rays make with the horizontal as sound propagates in the ocean. It provides useful qualitative information about deep ocean propagation and the vertical distribution of signal and ambient noise power. The loci are based on Snell’s law. It is shown that an approximate ray angle diagram (ARAD) can be easily constructed directly from the sound‐velocity profile since on an appropriate scale the loci of one minus the cosine of the ray angle versus depth are approximately mirror images of the sound‐velocity profile. The approximations are shown to involve negligible errors for cases of interest in underwater acoustics. The use and construction of the ARAD are illustrated with examples. A simple graphical technique is presented for annotating the ARAD with range information from which rays may be plotted without the use of a computer.
Show PACS
43.30.Bp Normal mode propagation of sound in water
43.20.Dk Ray acoustics

Sonar cross section of a coated hollow cylinder in water

G. C. Gaunaurd

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 360-368 (1977); (9 pages) | Cited 4 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
We study the acoustic scattering which occurs when a plane wave is incident on an infinite hollow elastic cylinder covered with an ideally bonded layer of viscoelastic and sound‐absorbing material. The structure is immersed in water and it contains air in the cavity. The normal‐mode solution is found in all four media and programmed for numerical evaluation in the exterior fluid. Series expressions for the differential and the sonar scattering cross sections are constructed and added by computer. Two size cylinders are investigated in a parametric study, and oscillations in the cross‐sectional values due to resonances in the shell and coating materials are found and plotted for the basically low‐frequency range k1c<20. The effect of a variable viscosity in the coating is analyzed, and as one would expect, progressively higher viscosity values damp out the rapid cross‐sectional oscillations and reduce the amplitudes to smaller values, down to an optimum point, beyond which the reverse effect begins to take place. The way the oscillating cross‐section peaks are shifted in frequency or damped out in amplitude by changing shell or coating sizes or materials, can be quantitatively used at one’s convenience for various design purposes.
Show PACS
43.30.Dr Hybrid and asymptotic propagation theories, related experiments
43.30.Gv Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries
43.30.Jx Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance

The influence of range‐dependent environments on low‐frequency volume attenuation measurements in the sea

J. S. Hanna and P. V. Rost

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 369-374 (1977); (6 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Two measurements (for the Hudson Bay and Baffin Bay) performed by the Naval Underwater Systems Center to determine volume attenuation at low frequencies have been reanalyzed. The reanalysis gives substantial evidence that the attenuation coefficients previously inferred for these areas are dominated by the influence of range dependence in the respective environments. The previous analysis assumed cylindrical spreading for the long‐range propagation loss, with departures ascribed to volume attenuation. The work here shows that such departures may be caused by range dependence of the environment for the Hudson and Baffin Bays. The conclusion is that no a priori assumption about the dependence of loss on range is defensible for the long ranges involved in these experiments and that careful concurrent environmental measurements are required for use in the data analysis.
Show PACS
43.30.Bp Normal mode propagation of sound in water
43.20.Hq Velocity and attenuation of acoustic waves

Sound scattering from a fluid sphere revisited

Richard K. Johnson

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 375-377 (1977); (3 pages) | Cited 15 times

Full Text: | Download PDF


See Also: Erratum

Show Abstract
The backscattering frequency responses for euphausiids and copepods are predicted using a fluid‐sphere model and measured physical properties for the zooplankters. The fluid‐sphere model is also compared with the resonant gas bubble equation.
Show PACS
43.30.Gv Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries
43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action

Sideband structure of sound from a harmonic point source scattered by a rough surface moving over an upward‐refracting ocean

F. M. Labianca and E. Y. Harper

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 378-389 (1977); (12 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A normal‐mode theory, for scattering of sound by the ocean surface in the presence of refraction, is reviewed. The theory is based on a perturbation expansion for small surface‐wave heights. New results, based on this theory, are presented for the Doppler‐shifted signal sidebands. These sidebands are the solution of the first‐order perturbation problem and are represented exactly by a double normal‐mode expansion with coefficients given by certain integral representations. The new results are derived by a saddle‐point analysis of the integral representations, due account being taken of the presence of singularities. Specific numerical results for the case of upward refraction are shown to display considerably more structure than in the case of an isovelocity ocean. The increased structure is explained in terms of the effects of backscatter and focusing through the use of wave‐number diagrams and ray‐trajectory constructions.
Show PACS
43.30.Gv Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries
43.30.Jx Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance

Infrasonic flow‐noise measurements using an H‐58 omnidirectional cylindrical hydrophone

James R. McGrath, Owen M. Griffin, and Robert A. Finger

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 390-396 (1977); (7 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Infrasonic and low‐frequency flow‐noise measurements were made during laboratory tests of an H‐58 omnidirectional hydrophone. The hydrophone was tested in three configurations: bare, framed, and faired. The incident water speeds varied from 0.25 to 0.45 knot, which correspond to a Reynolds number range from 8800 to 16 000. The faired and framed configurations developed flow‐noise levels lower than the bare hydrophone, and the latter configuration developed the highest noise levels at the lowest frequencies of the 1–50−Hz band. Hydrodynamic factors which influence the acoustic measurements made during this test are discussed, and the importance of hydrophone configuration during very low‐frequency measurements is demonstrated.
Show PACS
43.30.Nb Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the field
43.28.Ra Generation of sound by fluid flow, aerodynamic sound and turbulence
43.28.Dm Infrasound and acoustic-gravity waves

Vertical side‐lobe suppression in cylindrical arrays

Richard L. Rolleigh, James G. Pruitt, and Robert H. Stokes

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 397-402 (1977); (6 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
The vertical side‐lobe structure of cylindrical arrays driven in phase is examined. Experimental results demonstrate that the vertical side‐lobe levels are significant when the angular aperture of the array is large. The physical cause of this phenomenon is identified, and a method of eliminating excessive side‐lobe levels is explained. Experimental results showing that this method is successful are presented.
Show PACS
43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration
43.30.Vh Active sonar systems

Elimination of transducer bond corrections in accurate ultrasonic‐wave velocity measurements by use of capacitive transducers

John H. Cantrell, Jr. and M. A. Breazeale

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 403-406 (1977); (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
A capacitive‐driver–capacitive‐detector system for generation and detection of ultrasonic waves has been developed. This eliminates the necessity of bonding piezoelectric transducers to solid samples. With the capacitive‐driver–capacitive‐detector system, free–free boundary conditions exist at the sample surfaces and longitudinal ultrasonic‐wave velocities in solids can be measured accurately without correcting for ultrasonic‐wave phase shifts due to sample‐bonded transducer interfaces. The capacitive driver has a mica dielectric which increases the breakdown potential, but maintains the free–free boundary conditions at the solid specimen surfaces. This allows for a larger‐amplitude ultrasonic signal to be generated in the sample than is possible with an air‐gap capacitive driver. This improves the precision of the measurement. The accuracy of the method is comparable with that of bonded‐transducer methods, after bond corrections are made.
Show PACS
43.35.Yb Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques
43.35.Cg Ultrasonic velocity, dispersion, scattering, diffraction, and attenuation in solids; elastic constants

Some theoretical aspects of the generation of surface ripples by parametric subharmonic resonance with sound waves

B. Hughes

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 407-412 (1977); (6 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
An investigation is made of the dynamics of a liquid free surface in the presence of a reflecting sound field. A finite‐amplitude surface standing wave is also specified and the resulting unbalanced vertical stress at the surface is equated to the acoustic pressure. Second‐ and third‐order terms are retained in the surface‐wave description (and fourth‐order in the nonlinear interaction model). By further equating the viscous dissipation in the surface wave with the net upward acoustic energy flux, the surface‐wave parameters are determined in terms of the acoustic‐field parameters. Three major results are obtained: no surface waves can exist below an acoustic‐intensity threshold (same value as predicted by using Mathieu’s differential equation), above the threshold the square of the surface‐wave amplitude is linearly dependent on the acoustic‐driving amplitude (for small surface‐wave slopes), the sensitivity of the surface waves to driving amplitude is essentially independent of frequency except near the region of resonant gravity–capillary coupling. Comparisons are made with measurements (primarily at ultrasonic frequencies) and reasonable agreement is shown to exist.
Show PACS
43.35.Pt Surface waves in solids and liquids
43.25.Gf Standing waves; resonance

Geometrical theory of diffraction for three‐D elastodynamics

J. D. Achenbach and A. K. Gautesen

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 413-421 (1977); (9 pages) | Cited 5 times

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Keller’s geometrical theory of diffraction is applied to three‐dimensional elastodynamics, in particularly to diffraction of longitudinal waves by a crack. The theory provides useful approximations for large frequencies and/or large distances from the edge of the crack. For the class of problems considered in this paper, the canonical solution is provided by the fields describing diffraction by a semi‐infinite crack of a plane longitudinal wave which is incident under an arbitrary angle with the edge of the crack. The formal solution to the canonical problem is obtained by means of integral transform techniques in conjunction with an application of the Wiener–Hopf method to a set of coupled equations. The pertinent asymptotic expressions for the diffracted field are evaluated, and the diffraction coefficients which enter the geometrical theory are determined. As an example, the three‐dimensional problem of diffraction of a point‐source field by a semi‐infinite crack is worked out in detail.
Show PACS
43.40.At Experimental and theoretical studies of vibrating systems
43.20.Bi Mathematical theory of wave propagation
43.20.Fn Scattering of acoustic waves

Equivalent electrical circuit of a multielectrode composite piezoceramic bar

N. T. Adelman and Y. Stavsky

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 422-427 (1977); (6 pages)

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
An analysis is made for the longitudinal vibrations of a thin, multielectrode, piezoelectric bar composed of N ferroceramic materials. Resonant and antiresonant eigenfrequency equations are derived, and an equivalent electrical circuit of the transducer is developed from the admittance matrix. Numerical solutions are presented for the fundamental resonant frequencies and corresponding normalized frequency differences of a uniformly polarized, two‐electrode, PZT‐4 bar with nonzero interelectrode spacing.
Show PACS
43.40.Cw Vibrations of strings, rods, and beams
43.38.Fx Piezoelectric and ferroelectric transducers

Forcid vibrations of simply supported orthorpic sandwich plates

B. R. Bhat and P. K. Sinha

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 428-435 (1977); (8 pages) | Cited 1 time

Full Text: | Download PDF

Show Abstract
Force transmissibility, driving‐point impedance, and transfer impedance of a simply supported rectangular orthotropic sandwich plate are investigated. The plate is driven by a sinusoidally varying point force either at the plate center or at any arbitrary location. The variation of force transmissibility and impedance with frequency, and the manner in which this is influenced by the various sandwich‐plate parameters are studied and presented graphically.
Show PACS
43.40.Dx Vibrations of membranes and plates
Page 1 of 3 Pages Next Page | Jump to Page
Close

Home Publications Meetings Contact ASA Site Map Back to Top

Copyright © Acoustical Society of America

close