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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 130 / Issue 3 / UNDERWATER SOUND [30]

Underwater Mach wave radiation from impact pile driving: Theory and observation

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 130, Issue 3, pp. 1209-1216 (2011); (8 pages)

Per G. Reinhall1 and Peter H. Dahl2

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105-6698
2Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105-6698

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The underwater noise from impact pile driving is studied using a finite element model for the sound generation and parabolic equation model for propagation. Results are compared with measurements using a vertical line array deployed at a marine construction site in Puget Sound. It is shown that the dominant underwater noise from impact driving is from the Mach wave associated with the radial expansion of the pile that propagates down the pile after impact at supersonic speed. The predictions of vertical arrival angle associated with the Mach cone, peak pressure level as function of depth, and dominant features of the pressure timeseries compare well with corresponding field observations.

© 2011 Acoustical Society of America

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This research was supported by the Washington State Department of Transportation with additional support from the Federal Highway Administration.

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. FE ANALYSIS
  3. OBSERVATIONS (1): TIME SERIES AND VERTICAL ARRIVAL ANGLE
  4. OBSERVATIONS (2): COMPARISION WITH PARABOLIC WAVE EQUATION SIMULATIONS
  5. MODELING REMARKS
  6. SUMMARY

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic arrays, acoustic noise, finite element analysis, foundations, impact (mechanical), Mach number, marine engineering, parabolic equations, supersonic flow, underwater acoustic propagation

PACS

  • 43.30.Nb

    Noise in water; generation mechanisms and characteristics of the field

  • 43.30.Jx

    Radiation from objects vibrating under water, acoustic and mechanical impedance

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 23 Feb 2011
Accepted 29 Jun 2011
Revised 21 Jun 2011
Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3614540

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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