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May 2011

Volume 129, Issue 5, pp. EL161-3425

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Examining the use of a time-varying loudness algorithm for quantifying characteristics of nonlinearly propagated noise (L)

S. Hales Swift and Kent L. Gee

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 129, Issue 5, pp. 2753-2756 (2011); (4 pages)

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A previous letter by Gee et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121, EL1–EL7 (2007)] revealed likely shortcomings in using common, stationary (long-term) spectrum-based measures to quantify the perception of nonlinearly propagated noise. Here, the Glasberg and Moore [J. Audio Eng. Soc. 50, 331–342 (2002)] algorithm for time-varying loudness is investigated. Their short-term loudness, when applied to a shock-containing broadband signal and a phase-randomized signal with equivalent long-term spectrum, does not show a significant difference in loudness between the signals. Further analysis and discussion focus on the possible utility of the instantaneous loudness and the need for additional investigation in this area.
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43.50.Ba Noisiness: rating methods and criteria
43.25.Cb Macrosonic propagation, finite amplitude sound; shock waves
43.50.Nm Aerodynamic and jet noise
43.66.Lj Perceptual effects of sound

On the elasticity of transverse isotropic soft tissues (L)

Daniel Royer, Jean-Luc Gennisson, Thomas Deffieux, and Mickaël Tanter

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 129, Issue 5, pp. 2757-2760 (2011); (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

Online Publication Date: 10 May 2011

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Quantitative elastography techniques have recently been developed to estimate the shear modulus μ of soft tissues in vivo. In the case of isotropic and quasi-incompressible media, the Young’s modulus E is close to 3μ, which is not true in transverse anisotropic tissues such as muscles. In this letter, the transverse isotropic model established for hexagonal crystals is revisited in the case of soft solids. Relationships between elastic constants and Young’s moduli are derived and validated on experimental data found in the literature. It is shown that 3μ⊥ ≤ E⊥ ≤ 4μ⊥ and that E// cannot only be determined from the measurements of μ// and μ⊥
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43.80.Qf Medical diagnosis with acoustics
43.80.Vj Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques
43.80.Ev Acoustical measurement methods in biological systems and media

Six-month-old infants discriminate voicing on the basis of temporal envelope cues (L)

Josiane Bertoncini, Thierry Nazzi, Laurianne Cabrera, and Christian Lorenzi

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 129, Issue 5, pp. 2761-2764 (2011); (4 pages)

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Young deaf children using a cochlear implant develop speech abilities on the basis of speech temporal-envelope signals distributed over a limited number of frequency bands. A Headturn Preference Procedure was used to measure looking times in 6-month-old, normal-hearing infants during presentation of repeating or alternating sequences composed of different tokens of /aba/and /apa/ processed to retain envelope information below 64 Hz while degrading temporal fine structure cues. Infants attended longer to the alternating sequences, indicating that they perceive the voicing contrast on the basis of envelope cues alone in the absence of fine spectral and temporal structure information.
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43.71.Es Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences, and fluent speech
43.71.Ft Development of speech perception
43.71.Ky Speech perception by the hearing impaired
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