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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 129 / Issue 1 / ACOUSTIC SIGNAL PROCESSING [60]

Interior and exterior sound field control using general two-dimensional first-order sources

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 129, Issue 1, pp. 234-244 (2011); (11 pages)

M. A. Poletti1 and T. D. Abhayapala2

1Industrial Research Ltd., P.O. Box 31-310, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
2School of Engineering, Australian National University College of Engineering and Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

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Reproduction of a given sound field interior to a circular loudspeaker array without producing an undesirable exterior sound field is an unsolved problem over a broadband of frequencies. At low frequencies, by implementing the Kirchhoff–Helmholtz integral using a circular discrete array of line-source loudspeakers, a sound field can be recreated within the array and produce no exterior sound field, provided that the loudspeakers have azimuthal polar responses with variable first-order responses which are a combination of a two-dimensional (2D) monopole and a radially oriented 2D dipole. This paper examines the performance of circular discrete arrays of line-source loudspeakers which also include a tangential dipole, providing general variable-directivity responses in azimuth. It is shown that at low frequencies, the tangential dipoles are not required, but that near and above the Nyquist frequency, the tangential dipoles can both improve the interior accuracy and reduce the exterior sound field. The additional dipoles extend the useful range of the array by around an octave.

© 2011 Acoustical Society of America

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
    1. Cylindrical expansions of sound fields
    2. Description of first-order sources
    3. Sound field due to a continuous distribution of first-order sources
  3. SOUND REPRODUCTION USING CIRCULAR FIRST-ORDER LINE ARRAYS
    1. K–H integral formula
    2. Fixed-directivity radial sources
    3. Variable-directivity sources
      1. Interior/exterior solution for general 2D first-order sources
      2. Interior/exterior solution with radial first-order sources
      3. Interior solution with general first-order sources
      4. Interior solution with radial first-order sources
    4. Discrete circular arrays
  4. SIMULATION RESULTS
    1. Interior reproduction error
    2. Exterior sound level
    3. Results
  5. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic arrays, acoustic field, integral equations, loudspeakers, sound reproduction

PACS

  • 43.60.Tj

    Wave front reconstruction, acoustic time-reversal, and phase conjugation

  • 43.55.Jz

    Sound-reinforcement systems for rooms and enclosures

  • 43.38.Md

    Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts

  • 43.60.Sx

    Acoustic holography

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 08 Aug 2010
Accepted 29 Oct 2010
Revised 28 Oct 2010
Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3518772

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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