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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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May 2010

Volume 127, Issue 5, pp. EL179-3296

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Lingual kinematics and coarticulation for alveolopalatal and velar consonants in Catalan

Daniel Recasens and Aina Espinosa

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 127, Issue 5, pp. 3154-3165 (2010); (12 pages)

Online Publication Date: 12 May 2010

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Vertical lingual movement data for the alveolopalatal consonants /ʃ/ and /ɲ/ and for the dorsovelar consonant /k/ in Catalan /aCa/ sequences produced by three speakers reveal that the tongue body travels a smaller distance at a slower speed and in a longer time during the lowering period extending from the consonant into the following vowel (CV) than during the rising period extending from the preceding vowel into the consonant (VC). For two speakers, two-phase trajectories characterized by two successive velocity peaks occur more frequently during the former period than during the latter, whether associated with tongue blade and dorsum (for alveolopalatals) or with the tongue dorsum articulator alone (for velars). Greater tongue dorsum involvement for /ɲ/ and /k/ than for /ʃ/ accounts for a different kinematic relationship between the four articulatory phases. The lingual gesture for alveolopalatals and, less so, that for velars may exert more prominent spatial and temporal effects on V2 than on V1 which is in agreement with the salience of the C-to-V carryover component associated with these consonants according to previous coarticulation studies. These kinematic and coarticulation data may be attributed to tongue dorsum biomechanics to a large extent.
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43.70.Bk Models and theories of speech production
43.70.Kv Cross-linguistic speech production and acoustics

A virtual trajectory model predicts differences in vocal fold kinematics in individuals with vocal hyperfunction

Cara E. Stepp, Robert E. Hillman, and James T. Heaton

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 127, Issue 5, pp. 3166-3176 (2010); (11 pages)

Online Publication Date: 12 May 2010

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A simple, one degree of freedom virtual trajectory model of vocal fold kinematics was developed to investigate whether kinematic features of vocal fold movement confirm increased muscle stiffness. Model simulations verified that increases in stiffness were associated with changes in kinematic parameters, suggesting that increases in gesture rate would affect kinematic features to a lesser degree in vocal hyperfunction patients given the increased levels of muscle tension they typically employ to phonate. This hypothesis was tested experimentally in individuals with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD; N = 10) and vocal nodules (N = 10) relative to controls with healthy normal voice (N = 10) who were examined with trans-nasal endoscopy during a simple vocal fold abductory-adductory task. Kinematic measures in MTD patients were less affected by increased gesture rate, consistent with the hypothesis that these individuals have elevated typical laryngeal muscle tension. Group comparisons of the difference between medium and fast gesture rates (Mann–Whitney, one-tailed) showed statistically significant differences between the control and MTD individuals on the two kinematic features examined (p<0.05). Results in nodules participants were mixed and are discussed independently. The findings support the potential use of vocal fold kinematics as an objective clinical assay of vocal hyperfunction.
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43.72.Ar Speech analysis and analysis techniques; parametric representation of speech
43.70.Dn Disordered speech
43.70.Bk Models and theories of speech production
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