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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 124 / Issue 4 / JASA EXPRESS LETTERS

Multichannel array diagnosis using noise cross-correlation

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 124, Issue 4, pp. EL203-EL209 (2008); (7 pages)

Laura A. Brooks1, Peter Gerstoft1, and David P. Knobles2

1Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093-0238
2Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin, P.O. Box 8029, Austin, Texas 78713-8029

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A practical application of noise cross-correlation for the diagnosis of a multichannel ocean hydrophone array is derived. Acoustic data were recorded on a horizontal line array on the New Jersey Shelf while Tropical Storm Ernesto passed through. Results obtained from active source measurements reveal that signals from several hydrophones, which were recorded on certain channels before the storm, are recorded on different channels after the storm. Noise cross-correlation of data recorded during the storm show when, and in what manner, these changes took place.

© 2008 Acoustical Society of America

Acknowledgments

Work supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-05-1-0264, and by the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory via the Gulf of Mexico Hydrates Research Consortium, University of Mississippi. L.A.B. is appreciative of support from a Fulbright Postgraduate Award in Science and Engineering funded by Clough Engineering, and from the Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Australia.

Article Outline

  1. Introduction
  2. Analysis of recorded data
    1. Active sources
    2. Ambient noise cross-correlations
  3. Conclusion

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic arrays, acoustic signal processing, array signal processing, correlation methods, hydrophones, underwater sound

PACS

  • 43.60.Ac

    Theory of acoustic signal processing

  • 43.60.Fg

    Acoustic array systems and processing, beam-forming

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 16 May 2008
Accepted 05 Jul 2008
Revised 23 Jun 2008
Published online 22 Sep 2008
Permalink
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2968298

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher:

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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Figures (click on thumbnails to view enlargements)

FIG.1
(a) Array geometry. (b)–(d) Schematics showing the hydrophone-channel connections: (b) At deployment, (c) after the first switch, and (d) after the second switch.

FIG.1 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.2
(Color online) Envelope of the signal recorded on each channel from active source testing (a) before the storm [31 August, 6:04 Z], and (b) after the storm [3 September, 14:40 Z]. (c) Signal envelope from after the storm with channels resorted. Channels 14–15 and 20–31 are unnumbered, but are in order between 13 and 16, and between 19 and 32, respectively.

FIG.2 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.3
(Color online) Short time cross-correlation (6 h 24 min) between channel 13 (first HLA hydrophone) and all other channels from the time period surrounding the first switch (a) 7:07:37 Z and (b) 7:14:01 Z, and from the time period surrounding the second switch (c) 12:08:40 Z and (d) 12:15:05 Z. (e)–(g) Cross-correlations 20 s long at 12:14 Z for times (e) 20–40 s, (f) 30–50 s, and (g) 40–60 s.

FIG.3 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint

FIG.4
(Color online) (a)–(c) Cross-correlations between channel 13 (first HLA hydrophone) and all other channels after re-sorting the channels, plotted as a function of distance from hydrophone 13 [(a) before, (b) between, and (c) after switches]. (d)–(f) Normalized envelopes of the cross-correlation function time derivatives, with simulated direct (black dotted lines) and surface reflected path travel times (white dotted lines) [(d) before, (e) between, and (f) after switches].

FIG.4 Download High Resolution Image (.zip file) | Export Figure to PowerPoint



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