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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 123 / Issue 4 / TRANSDUCTION [38]

Adaptive wave field synthesis for active sound field reproduction: Experimental results

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 123, Issue 4, pp. 1991-2002 (2008); (12 pages)

Philippe-Aubert Gauthier and Alain Berry

Groupe d’Acoustique de l’Université de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l’Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada

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Sound field reproduction has applications in music reproduction, spatial audio, sound environment reproduction, and experimental acoustics. Sound field reproduction can be used to artificially reproduce the spatial character of natural hearing. The objective is then to reproduce a sound field in a real reproduction environment. Wave field synthesis (WFS) is a known open-loop technology which assumes that the reproduction environment is anechoic. The room response thus reduces the quality of the physical sound field reproduction by WFS. In recent research papers, adaptive wave field synthesis (AWFS) was defined as a potential solution to compensate for these quality reductions from which WFS objective performance suffers. In this paper, AWFS is experimentally investigated as an active sound field reproduction system with a limited number of reproduction error sensors to compensate for the response of the listening environment. Two digital signal processing algorithms for AWFS are used for comparison purposes, one of which is based on independent radiation mode control. AWFS performed propagating sound field reproduction better than WFS in three tested reproduction spaces (hemianechoic chamber, standard laboratory space, and reverberation chamber).

© 2008 Acoustical Society of America

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada), NATEQ (Fond Québecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies), VRQ (Valorisation Recherche Québec), and Université de Sherbrooke. This research was conducted in collaboration with CIRMMT (Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology, McGill University). The authors acknowledge the contribution of Emmanuel Corratgé, who contributed to the construction of the harmonic AWFS system and harmonic experiments.

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
    1. Sound field reproduction
    2. Wave field synthesis
    3. Adaptive wave field synthesis and independent radiation mode control
  2. EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL
    1. Experimental setups
    2. Methods of experiments
  3. AWFS EXPERIMENTS
    1. Acoustical characteristics of the reproduction rooms
    2. Hemianechoic space
      1. Broadband AWFS
      2. Harmonic AWFS and radiation modes at 220 Hz
    3. Laboratory space and reverberation chamber
      1. Broadband AWFS
      2. Harmonic AWFS
    4. Importance of the higher-order radiation modes
  4. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic signal processing, anechoic chambers (acoustic), architectural acoustics, hearing, musical acoustics

PACS

  • 43.38.Md

    Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts

  • 43.60.Tj

    Wave front reconstruction, acoustic time-reversal, and phase conjugation

  • 43.50.Ki

    Active noise control

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 31 May 2007
Accepted 28 Jan 2008
Revised 28 Jan 2008
Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2875844

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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