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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 123 / Issue 3 / UNDERWATER SOUND [30]

Controlled and in situ target strengths of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas and identification of potential acoustic scattering sources

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 123, Issue 3, pp. 1318-1328 (2008); (11 pages)

Kelly J. Benoit-Bird1, William F. Gilly2, Whitlow W. L. Au3, and Bruce Mate4

1College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 COAS Administration Building, Corvallis, Oregon 97331
2Hopkins Marine Station, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, California 93950
3Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, P.O. Box 1106, Kailua, Hawaii 96734
4Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon State University, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365

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This study presents the first target strength measurements of Dosidicus gigas, a large squid that is a key predator, a significant prey, and the target of an important fishery. Target strength of live, tethered squid was related to mantle length with values standardized to the length squared of −62.0, −67.4, −67.9, and −67.6 dB at 38, 70, 120, and 200 kHz, respectively. There were relatively small differences in target strength between dorsal and anterior aspects and none between live and freshly dead squid. Potential scattering mechanisms in squid have been long debated. Here, the reproductive organs had little effect on squid target strength. These data support the hypothesis that the pen may be an important source of squid acoustic scattering. The beak, eyes, and arms, probably via the sucker rings, also play a role in acoustic scattering though their effects were small and frequency specific. An unexpected source of scattering was the cranium of the squid which provided a target strength nearly as high as that of the entire squid though the mechanism remains unclear. Our in situ measurements of the target strength of free-swimming squid support the use of the values presented here in D. gigas assessment studies.

© 2008 Acoustical Society of America

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Unai Markaida for determinations of sexual maturity stage. Ashley Booth, Abram Fleishman, Ladd Irvine, Dana Shulman, and Chad Waluk provided assistance in the field. Bonnie Anderson-Becktold, Cyndee Pekar, and Cesar Salinas and his students from CIBNOR provided logistical support. Bob Pedro, the captain of the R/V Pacific Storm, and Willi Schlecter, its engineer, provided invaluable assistance both in preparation for, and during the cruise. Funding was provided by donors to the Oregon State University Marine Mammal Institute. The R/V Pacific Storm was donated by Scot and Janet Hockema. This work was also supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (No. OCE 0526640) and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to W.F.G.

Article Outline

  1. INTRODUCTION
  2. METHODS
    1. Acoustic system
    2. Mounting of live squid
    3. Acoustic scattering source assessments
    4. Acoustic measurements
    5. In situ measurements
  3. RESULTS
    1. Controlled measurements
    2. In situ measurements
  4. DISCUSSION
    1. Controlled measurements
    2. Potential sources of scattering
    3. In situ measurements
  5. CONCLUSIONS

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

acoustic wave scattering, bioacoustics, biological organs, biological techniques, bone, zoology

PACS

  • 43.30.Sf

    Acoustical detection of marine life; passive and active

  • 43.30.Ft

    Volume scattering

  • 43.20.Fn

    Scattering of acoustic waves

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 26 Apr 2007
Accepted 12 Dec 2007
Revised 03 Dec 2007
Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2832327

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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