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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America / Volume 118 / Issue 6 / GENERAL LINEAR ACOUSTICS [20]

Sound propagation through and scattering by internal gravity waves in a stably stratified atmosphere

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 118, Issue 6, pp. 3420-3429 (2005); (10 pages)

Vladimir E. Ostashev1, Igor P. Chunchuzov2, and D. Keith Wilson3

1NOAA∕Environmental Technology Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305 and Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003
2Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Moscow, Russia
3U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755

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A stably stratified atmosphere supports propagation of internal gravity waves (IGW). These waves result in highly anisotropic fluctuations in temperature and wind velocity that are stretched in a horizontal direction. As a result, IGW can significantly affect propagation of sound waves in nighttime boundary layers and infrasound waves in the stratosphere. In this paper, a theory of sound propagation through, and scattering by, IGW is developed. First, 3D spectra of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations due to IGW, which were recently derived in the literature for the case of large wave numbers, are generalized to account for small wave numbers. The generalized 3D spectra are then used to calculate the sound scattering cross section in an atmosphere with IGW. The dependencies of the obtained scattering cross section on the sound frequency, scattering angle, and other parameters of the problem are qualitatively different from those for the case of sound scattering by isotropic turbulence with the von Kármán spectra of temperature and wind velocity fluctuations. Furthermore, the generalized 3D spectra are used to calculate the mean sound field and the transverse coherence function of a plane sound wave propagating through IGW. The results obtained also significantly differ from those for the case of sound propagation through isotropic turbulence.

© 2005 Acoustical Society of America

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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords

atmospheric acoustics, stratosphere, gravity waves, atmospheric boundary layer, aeroacoustics, acoustic wave scattering

PACS

  • 43.20.Fn

    Scattering of acoustic waves

  • 43.28.Bj

    Mechanisms affecting sound propagation in air, sound speed in the air

  • 43.28.Lv

    Statistical characteristics of sound fields and propagation parameters

ARTICLE DATA

History
Received 08 Mar 2005
Accepted 29 Sep 2005
Revised 28 Sep 2005
Digital Object Identifier
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2126938

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN

0001-4966 (print)  

Publisher

$abstract.society.value is a Member of CrossRef Acoustical Society of America

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