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Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Oct 2003

Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1695-2468

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New Fellows of the Acoustical Society of America

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1695-1695 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.05.Ky Members and membership lists, personal notes, fellows

ASA Awards Presented at the 2003 Intel International Science and Engineering Fair

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1698-1699 (2003); (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.05.Pc Prizes, medals, and other awards
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International Meetings Calendar

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1703-1703 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.10.Ce Conferences, lectures, and announcements (not of the Acoustical Society of America)
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Development of an acoustic levitation technique to obtain foam material properties

Li Liu

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1704-1704 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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Aqueous foam is an impermanent form of matter in which a kind of gas, often air, is dispersed as an agglomeration of bubbles that are separated from each other by films of liquid. Foams are of tremendous economical importance in industry. Foam material properties are sensitive functions of the void fraction. A “wet foam” is a bubbly liquid that cannot support shearing motion; inside the wet foam the individual bubbles are free to move around. A “transitional” or “critical foam” is composed of bubbles whose dynamics are strongly interacting and whose surfaces may be in mechanical contact with each other. Finally, a “dry foam” is composed of bubbles who have a fixed position in a lattice for low to moderate straining rates. An acoustic levitation technique is developed which provides a noncontact means of estimating the properties of the foam by acoustically levitating aqueous foam drops and exciting their spheroidal modes oscillation. Assuming linear oscillation of foam drops, experimental data for frequency and damping show good agreement with a bubble dynamics-based theoretical model. © 2003 Acoustical Society of America.
Thesis advisor: R. Glynn Holt
Copies of this thesis may be obtained by contacting the advisor, Glynn Holt, Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215. E-mail address: rgholt@bu.edu

Investigation of bubble dynamics and heating during focused ultrasound insonation in tissue-mimicking materials (A)

Xinmai Yang

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1704-1704 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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The deposition of ultrasonic energy in tissue can cause tissue damage due to local heating. For pressures above a critical threshold, cavitation will occur in tissue and bubbles will be created. These oscillating bubbles can induce a much larger thermal energy deposition in the local region. The present work is an attempt to control and utilize this bubble-enhanced heating. First, by applying appropriate bubble dynamic models, limits on the asymptotic bubble size distribution are obtained for different driving pressures at 1 MHz. The size distributions are bounded by two thresholds: the bubble shape instability threshold and the rectified diffusion threshold. The growth rate of bubbles in this region is also given, and the resulting time evolution of the heating in a given insonation scenario is modeled. Experimental results have been obtained to investigate the bubble-enhanced heating in an agar and graphite based tissue-mimicking material. By fitting appropriate bubble densities in the ultrasound field, the peak temperature changes observed in experiments are simulated. Finally, a simple bubbly liquid model is presented to estimate shielding effects which may be important even for low void fraction during high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment.
Thesis advisor: R. Glynn Holt
Copies of this thesis may be obtained by contacting the advisor, Glynn Holt, Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215. E-mail address: rgholt@bu.edu
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43.25.Yw Nonlinear acoustics of bubbly liquids
43.35.Wa Biological effects of ultrasound, ultrasonic tomography
43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action
43.80.Sh Medical use of ultrasonics for tissue modification (permanent and temporary)

Sonoluminescence in varying acceleration environments (A)

Sean C. Wyatt

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1704-1704 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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In order to prepare for experiments in variable-g environments, some of the multiple effects caused by the time-varying acceleration of acoustic resonators used in bubble levitation experiments are considered. The coupled effects of the induced changes in ambient pressure (due to a changing hydrostatic head) and bubble position (due to a change in buoyant body force) were modeled. Changing the ambient pressure, while holding the acoustic pressure amplitude constant, causes changes in the radial bubble response and diffusive equilibrium requirements. Changing the bubble levitation position causes both the local acoustic pressure amplitude and gradient to change, which will again impact bubble response. If the bubble remains in a stable diffusive equilibrium, both of these effects will force the bubble’s equilibrium radius to change. By using an empirical relation for emitted sonoluminescence intensity versus bubble response, the variation of emitted light intensity as a function of the changing ambient acceleration can be predicted. The predicted results are shown to agree quantitatively with existing experimental data from other research groups. An experiment was designed and built to fly onboard a KC-135 aircraft that has been reinforced for parabolic flight maneuvers to simulate micro and hyper gravity acceleration.
Thesis advisor: R. Glynn Holt
Copies of this thesis may be obtained by contacting the advisor, Glynn Holt, Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215. E-mail address: rgholt@bu.edu
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43.25.Uv Acoustic levitation
43.25.Yw Nonlinear acoustics of bubbly liquids

Design, fabrication and use of a KC-135 experiment for studying sonoluminescence (A)

Charles Robert Thomas

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1704-1704 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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The effects of many external parameters on single-bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) have been studied since its discovery 13 years ago in 1990. These studies include the effects due to host water temperature, dissolved gas, ambient pressure, and even magnetic fields. Because the stability of the bubble depends in part on gravity, through its buoyancy, it is natural to study SBSL in microgravity. This is the subject of this thesis: the design and fabrication of an experiment to study the effects of gravity on SBSL for use on the NASA KC-135 aircraft. The KC-135 aircraft flies in a parabolic trajectory to simulate weightlessness for about 20 s per parabolic maneuver, performing roughly 40 parabolas per flight. During those flights, the bubble’s size, position in the imposed sound field, and emitted light intensity were measured. The apparatus and techniques used to make these measurements, along with the constraints imposed by the unique environment afforded by experimentation aboard the KC-135, are discussed in detail. Preliminary results are reported, and a full uncertainty analysis is presented for each measurement.
Thesis advisor: R. Glynn Holt
Copies of this thesis may be obtained by contacting the advisor, Glynn Holt, Dept. of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington St., Boston, MA 02215. E-mail address: rgholt@bu.edu
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43.25.Uv Acoustic levitation
43.25.Yw Nonlinear acoustics of bubbly liquids
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Mechanical Shock, Vol. 2 of Mechanical Vibration & Shock, Fatigue Damage, Vol. 4 of Mechanical Vibration & Shock

Christian Lalanne and Eric E. Ungar, Reviewer

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1705-1705 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.40.-r Structural acoustics and vibration
46.40.-f Vibrations and mechanical waves
62.50.-p High-pressure effects in solids and liquids
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Acoustically visible fishing net (P)

Donald P. King and Norman L. Holy

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1709-1709 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Gv Backscattering, echoes, and reverberation in water due to combinations of boundaries

Non-invasive, opto-acoustic water current measurement system and method (P)

Jack Lloyd and Jeff Rish

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1709-1709 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Pc Ocean parameter estimation by acoustical methods; remote sensing; imaging, inversion, acoustic tomography

Steerable beamforming system (P)

Alice M. Chiang and Steven R. Broadstone

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1709-1709 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Tg Navigational instruments using underwater sound

Axial drive resonant pipe (P)

J. Barrie Franklin

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1709-1709 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration

Pressure-balanced underwater acoustic transducer (P)

Kyung Soo Bahk

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration

Integrated marine seismic source and method (P)

Loran D. Ambs

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.30.Yj Transducers and transducer arrays for underwater sound; transducer calibration

Acousto-optic bandpass filter (P)

Duane Anthony Satorius

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.35.Sx Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization, acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography

Acousto-optic devices (P)

Timothy N. Thomas

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.35.Sx Acoustooptical effects, optoacoustics, acoustical visualization, acoustical microscopy, and acoustical holography

High-density cable and method therefor (P)

William Paul Kornrumpf

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.35.Yb Ultrasonic instrumentation and measurement techniques

Process and electrical appliance for optimizing acoustic signal reception

Joachim Wietze and Rainer Cornelius

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1710-1710 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Hz Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays

Directional microphone utilizing spaced apart omni-directional microphones (P)

Brett B. Stewart

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1711-1711 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Hz Transducer arrays, acoustic interaction effects in arrays

Speaker comprising ring magnet (P)

Motoharu Shimizu and Hiroyuki Daichoh

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1711-1711 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Ja Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources

Video equipment speaker device with acoustic lens (P)

Kazuhiko Ikeuchi and Tomio Shiota

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1711-1711 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Ja Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources

Air flow control device for loudspeaker (P)

Jason A. Ssutu

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1711-1711 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Ja Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources

Speaker (P)

Masao Fujihira

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1711-1712 (2003); (2 pages)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Ja Loudspeakers and horns, practical sound sources

Multimedia computer speaker system with bridge-coupled subwoofer (P)

Raymond K. Weikel and Jeffrey S. Anderson

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1712-1712 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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43.38.Lc Amplifiers, attenuators, and audio controls

Video karaoke system and method of use (P)

Gary Sherman and Michael Chase

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 114, Issue 4, pp. 1712-1712 (2003); (1 page)

Online Publication Date: 08 Oct 2003

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Abstract Unavailable
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43.38.Md Sound recording and reproducing systems, general concepts
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