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Oct 2001

Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1699-2233

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Remarks about the depth resolution of heterodyne interferometers in cochlear investigations

Ernst Dalhoff, Ralf Gärtner, Hans-Peter Zenner, Hans J. Tiziani, and Anthony W. Gummer

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1725-1728 (2001); (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

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Criteria of depth resolution of interferometric vibration measurements in the cochlea are discussed. Depending on the aim of the measurement, attention should be directed to the outer flank of the interference visibility curve, in contrast to the usual criterion of full width at half maximum. The depth at 30 dB suppression is proposed as a more appropriate criterion, when the measurement site is to be viewed through tissue. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.64.Kc Cochlear mechanics

A comparative assessment of speech sound discrimination in the Mongolian gerbil

Joan M. Sinnott and Kelly W. Mosteller

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1729-1732 (2001); (4 pages) | Cited 3 times

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The Mongolian gerbil is a small rodent with human-like absolute auditory sensitivity in the speech range below 4 kHz. Here, gerbil “speech DLs” (difference limens) are measured along several synthetic speech continua and compared with human data. Results show that gerbils are similar to humans in that they discriminate “within-category” information more easily for vowels than for consonants. However, gerbils are less sensitive to all the speech stimuli, with DLs about 2–3 times higher. Interestingly, gerbil speech DLs are not accurately predicted by their pure-tone frequency DL, which is 36 times that of the human at 1 kHz. Thus, gerbils are actually much more similar to humans in speech sound discrimination than in pure-tone discrimination. It is concluded that the gerbil offers a promising “small-mammal” model for the processing of spectral cues in human speech sounds. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.66.Fe Discrimination: intensity and frequency
43.66.Gf Detection and discrimination of sound by animals
43.71.Es Vowel and consonant perception; perception of words, sentences, and fluent speech

Time-lapse nondestructive assessment of shock wave damage to kidney stones in vitro using micro-computed tomography

Robin O. Cleveland, James A. McAteer, and Ralph Müller

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1733-1736 (2001); (4 pages) | Cited 2 times

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To better understand how lithotripter shock waves break kidney stones, we treated human calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) kidney stones with shock waves from an electrohydraulic lithotripter and tracked the fragmentation of the stones using micro-computed tomography (μCT). A desktop μCT scanning system, with a nominal resolution of 17 μm, was used to record scans of stones at 50-shock wave intervals. Each μCT scan yielded a complete three-dimensional map of the internal structure of the kidney stone. The data were processed to produce either two- or three-dimensional time-lapse images that showed the progression of damage inside the stone and at the surface of the stone. The high quality and excellent resolution of these images made it possible to detect separate patterns of damage suggestive of failure by cavitation and by spall. Nondestructive assessment by μCT holds promise as a means to determine the mechanisms of stone fragmentation in SWL in vitro. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action

Comment on “Ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 1290–1297 (2000)]

Robert E. Apfel

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1737-1737 (2001); (1 page) | Cited 6 times

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This contribution summarizes the reasons for disagreeing with a conclusion by O’Brien et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108, 1290–1297 (2000)] that ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation. An argument is provided that illustrates how cavitation inception conditions in the lungs of animals are not altered significantly if the hydrostatic pressure is increased by increasing the pressure of air that is being breathed by the animal. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action

Response to “Comment on ‘Ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation’ ” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1737 (2001)]

Leon A. Frizzell, Jeffery M. Kramer, James F. Zachary, and William D. O’Brien, Jr.

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1738-1739 (2001); (2 pages) | Cited 4 times

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We reply to the preceding letter [R. E. Apfel, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1737 (2001)]. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action

Reply to Frizzell et al.’s comment to our comment

Robert E. Apfel

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1740-1741 (2001); (2 pages) | Cited 4 times

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This is a reply to the preceding letter [Frizzell et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1738–1739 (2001)]. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action

Comment on Apfel’s second comment

Leon A. Frizzell, Jeffery M. Kramer, James F. Zachary, and William D. O’Brien, Jr.

J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Volume 110, Issue 4, pp. 1742-1742 (2001); (1 page) | Cited 4 times

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This is a comment to the preceding letter [R. E. Apfel, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1740 (2001)]. © 2001 Acoustical Society of America.
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43.80.Gx Mechanisms of action of acoustic energy on biological systems: physical processes, sites of action
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